CHEMICAL AND SPECTROMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION OF AGROINDUSTRIAL RESIDUES FOR ITS POTENTIAL USE AS ORGANIC AMENDMENT
Keywords:
Biotransformation, Organic matter, UV-VisibleAbstract
Knowing the organic residues properties allows to infer its potential use as organic amendments (AO), to improve soil health. The objective of the study was to assess organic residues of diverse origin and under different transformations through the chemical and spectrometric characterization. In addition, verify if these residues can affect in a similar way based on their specific properties to facilitate their application. Seventeen organic residues of different origin and under different transformation processes were selected. In each of them, organic matter (OM), organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (Nt), pH, electrical conductivity (EC) were determined, and then, they were analyzed by a UV-vis technique from their humic substances extraction. All organic residues presented a wide variation in the parameters evaluated. However, considering each parameter individually, most of residues meets the requirements for its use, with the exception of bagasse and alperujo, which they have high EC values. The multivariate grouping of contrasting organic residues considering chemical and spectrometric properties defined four groups: nontransformed, semitransformed, biotransformed, and mature. Analyzed jointly, it was evidenced that OC, OM, C:N ratio, Nt, absorbance coefficients 254 to 665 (E2/E6) and 254 to 465 (E2/E4) ratios were the most relevant variables to each group. Comparing groups of organic residues, the most valuable difference was detected in OC, being nontransformed (687 g kg-1)> semitransformed (534 g kg-1)> biotransformed (439 g kg-1)> mature (181 g kg-1) groups. Combining chemical and spectrometric properties contributes to a better understanding of the level of structural complexity of these materials, providing relevant information when defining their suitability for use as OA.
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